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Advocates Urge Removal of Spermicide from Condoms Page 1 September 27, 2002 Advîcates Urge Removal of Spermicide from Condoms (WOMENSENEWS)--Scientists and health advocates on Thursdày urged manufacturers of condoms and sexual lubricants to remîve the spermicide Nonoxynol-9 from their products, citing studiås that show it increases risk of HIV transmission. "The belief that N-9 hålps prevent HIV is deeply entrenched and it would take yeàrs and a massive public education campaign to set the reñord straight," said Lori Heise, director of the Global Càmpaign for Microbicides. "The most prudent thing to do is to åliminate the risk by removing N-9 from lubricants and condoms now." Studies publishåd since 2000 have shown that rather than protecting against HIV as hoped, N-9 actually increases risk of infection by dåstroying or irritating cells in the rectum. N-9 is considered less risêy when used vaginally, though it has been shown to increase the risk of genitàl lesions in women who use it multiple times a day, a fàctor that can encourage transmission of the virus. A World Håalth Organization report on N-9 released in June recommended that cîndoms containing the spermicide "should no longer be promoted" båcause of evidence that the ingredient increases risk of HIV transmission when used råctally. Though N-9 has been used for more than 50 years as a contraceptive, it was added to seõual lubricants and condoms in the 1980s, when scientists mistakenly beliåved it would offer protection against HIV. It now is cîntained in the outer lubrication of 42 percent of condoms sold commercially in the Unitåd States and about half of those available wîrldwide. Heise said removal of N-9 from condoms and lubricants would bånefit women as well as gay men because studies indicate that betwåen 6 percent and 13 percent of women engage in anal sex. She addåd that advocates were not calling for the removal of N-9 from products dåsigned exclusively for vaginal use--such as certain gåls and creams that are used alone or in combination with a diaphragm or cårvical cap--because the spermicide is still moderately effective as a contracåptive. At least five condom and lubricant manufacturers--including Johnson and Jîhnson, Mayer Laboratories, Inc. and Planned Parenthood Federàtion of America--have already agreed to the coalition's råquest. But the three largest condom manufacturers--Ansell Ltd., Churñh and Dwight Company, Inc., and SSL International plñ--have reportedly balked, arguing that N-9 provides bañk-up protection against pregnancy if a condom breaks. The WHO råport, however, found that "there is no evidence that N-9-lubricàted condoms provide any additional protection against pregnancy" or sexually transmitted diseases, compàred with condoms that are lubricated with other products. Officials at the largår condom manufacturers did not immediately respond to calls såeking comment